a point on the scale for a property that indicates a 'normal' value for the property concept word. Example: in regard to height of a person, tall/short means 'taller/shorter than a [lit. 'normal' height']. The reference point is relative: tall for a person is short for a tree. The reference point can be expressed overtly, as in She's kind of short for a basketball player. The term 'reference point' is also used as a synonym for 'anchor'; we will avoid that use in this book. (Section 4.1.2)