a speech act which requests that the action expressed in the propositional content of the imperative–hortative be carried out, prototypically by the addressee but possibly by other persons; and the construction that expresses this speech act. Example: Dance! is an example of the English imperative–hortative construction for the second person, and Let's dance! is an example of the same for the first person - plural. The term 'hortative' is sometimes used for a first person imperative–hortative, and 'jussive' for a third person imperative–hortative. A negative imperative–hortative is a prohibitive. (Sections 12.1, 12.4)